Subject

The Subject is a data structure used to store images associated with a subject and any other metadata necessary for processing.

Subject objects can be sliced using the standard NumPy / PyTorch slicing syntax, returning a new subject with sliced images. This is only possible if all images in the subject have the same spatial shape.

All transforms applied to a Subject are saved in its history attribute (see Reproducibility).

class torchio.Subject(*args, **kwargs: Dict[str, Any])[source]

Bases: dict

Class to store information about the images corresponding to a subject.

Parameters:
  • *args – If provided, a dictionary of items.

  • **kwargs – Items that will be added to the subject sample.

Example

>>> import torchio as tio
>>> # One way:
>>> subject = tio.Subject(
...     one_image=tio.ScalarImage('path_to_image.nii.gz'),
...     a_segmentation=tio.LabelMap('path_to_seg.nii.gz'),
...     age=45,
...     name='John Doe',
...     hospital='Hospital Juan Negrín',
... )
>>> # If you want to create the mapping before, or have spaces in the keys:
>>> subject_dict = {
...     'one image': tio.ScalarImage('path_to_image.nii.gz'),
...     'a segmentation': tio.LabelMap('path_to_seg.nii.gz'),
...     'age': 45,
...     'name': 'John Doe',
...     'hospital': 'Hospital Juan Negrín',
... }
>>> subject = tio.Subject(subject_dict)
add_image(image: Image, image_name: str) None[source]

Add an image to the subject instance.

apply_inverse_transform(**kwargs) Subject[source]

Apply the inverse of all applied transforms, in reverse order.

Parameters:

**kwargs – Keyword arguments passed on to get_inverse_transform().

check_consistent_attribute(attribute: str, relative_tolerance: float = 1e-06, absolute_tolerance: float = 1e-06, message: str | None = None) None[source]

Check for consistency of an attribute across all images.

Parameters:
  • attribute – Name of the image attribute to check

  • relative_tolerance – Relative tolerance for numpy.allclose()

  • absolute_tolerance – Absolute tolerance for numpy.allclose()

Example

>>> import numpy as np
>>> import torch
>>> import torchio as tio
>>> scalars = torch.randn(1, 512, 512, 100)
>>> mask = torch.tensor(scalars > 0).type(torch.int16)
>>> af1 = np.eye([0.8, 0.8, 2.50000000000001, 1])
>>> af2 = np.eye([0.8, 0.8, 2.49999999999999, 1])  # small difference here (e.g. due to different reader)
>>> subject = tio.Subject(
...   image = tio.ScalarImage(tensor=scalars, affine=af1),
...   mask = tio.LabelMap(tensor=mask, affine=af2)
... )
>>> subject.check_consistent_attribute('spacing')  # no error as tolerances are > 0

Note

To check that all values for a specific attribute are close between all images in the subject, numpy.allclose() is used. This function returns True if \(|a_i - b_i| \leq t_{abs} + t_{rel} * |b_i|\), where \(a_i\) and \(b_i\) are the \(i\)-th element of the same attribute of two images being compared, \(t_{abs}\) is the absolute_tolerance and \(t_{rel}\) is the relative_tolerance.

get_inverse_transform(warn: bool = True, ignore_intensity: bool = False, image_interpolation: str | None = None) Compose[source]

Get a reversed list of the inverses of the applied transforms.

Parameters:
  • warn – Issue a warning if some transforms are not invertible.

  • ignore_intensity – If True, all instances of IntensityTransform will be ignored.

  • image_interpolation – Modify interpolation for scalar images inside transforms that perform resampling.

load() None[source]

Load images in subject on RAM.

plot(**kwargs) None[source]

Plot images using matplotlib.

Parameters:

**kwargs – Keyword arguments that will be passed on to plot().

remove_image(image_name: str) None[source]

Remove an image from the subject instance.

property shape

Return shape of first image in subject.

Consistency of shapes across images in the subject is checked first.

Example

>>> import torchio as tio
>>> colin = tio.datasets.Colin27()
>>> colin.shape
(1, 181, 217, 181)
property spacing

Return spacing of first image in subject.

Consistency of spacings across images in the subject is checked first.

Example

>>> import torchio as tio
>>> colin = tio.datasets.Slicer()
>>> colin.spacing
(1.0, 1.0, 1.2999954223632812)
property spatial_shape

Return spatial shape of first image in subject.

Consistency of spatial shapes across images in the subject is checked first.

Example

>>> import torchio as tio
>>> colin = tio.datasets.Colin27()
>>> colin.spatial_shape
(181, 217, 181)
unload() None[source]

Unload images in subject.